The methodology of research for social transformation is distinguished by a deep and active commitment to generating positive and significant changes in society. Unlike traditional research, which often focuses on theoretical understanding or description of phenomena, this methodology prioritizes action and tangible improvement of the living conditions of people and communities, especially those in vulnerable situations.
A fundamental principle is the active participation of the social actors affected by the problem under investigation. This implies involving them not only as subjects of study, but also as essential collaborators in each stage of the process, from the initial definition of the problem to the implementation and evaluation of the proposed solutions. The aim is to create an environment of horizontal collaboration, where the expert knowledge of the researchers is complemented by the lived experience of the participants, enriching the understanding of the problem and increasing the probability of finding effective and sustainable solutions.
Reflexivity is another key pillar, which requires constant self-evaluation by the researcher about his or her role, possible biases and how their presence can influence the research process and results. This transparency and intellectual honesty are essential to ensure the validity and credibility of the findings, as well as to avoid the reproduction of unequal power dynamics between the researcher and the participants.
The action orientation is what fundamentally distinguishes this methodology. It is not simply a matter of generating knowledge, but of generating useful knowledge for decision-making and the implementation of concrete actions that contribute to social transformation. Research results should be translated into strategies, public policies or social interventions that have a real impact on people's lives, addressing the root causes of problems and promoting long-term solutions.
Social justice is the ethical horizon that guides the entire process. The research focuses on identifying and addressing inequalities, discrimination and social exclusion, seeking to empower marginalized groups and strengthen their capacity to defend their rights and interests. It seeks to generate knowledge that is relevant to the fight against poverty, gender inequality, racism, sexual orientation discrimination and other forms of social injustice.
A variety of methods are used to conduct this research, including participatory action research (PAR), which involves a continuous cycle of reflection, planning, action and evaluation in collaboration with participants; case studies, which analyze specific situations in depth to understand complex social dynamics; qualitative research, which uses interviews, focus groups and participant observation to understand participants' perspectives and experiences; and quantitative analysis, which identifies patterns and trends in large data sets.
Josefa Orfila
